India Rubber and Gutta Percha and Electrical Trades Journal. Vol. 14, No. 7. (Sep 17, 1897)

              India=Rubber and Gutta-Percha and Electrical Trades Journal
Vol. XIV., No. 7. September 17, 1897. PRICE SIXPENCE
PRACTICAL REVIEW OF SOLVENTS AS USED
IN THE INDIA-RUBBER AND GUTTA-PERCHA
INDUSTRIES.
EFFECTUAL UTILISATION AND PREPARATION OF THE
VARIOUS SOLVENTS. THEIR VARIED NATURE AND
PATENTS INTRODUCED.
BY A. CAMILLE.
{^Continued from page 131.)
APPARATUS APPFIRTAINING TO THE DISSOLUTION
OF ELASTIC GUMS.— USEFUL PATENTS INTRODUCED.
A HIGH STANDARD KNEADING AND MIXING
MACHINE. IT must be acknowledged as a coiiccdL'd fact that tlie
improved modes of construction of these machines hy
Messrs. Werner, Pfieiderer and Perkins, Limited, have
reiched a very high standard, both from a technical and
business point of view. Where the principal aim of the
manufacturer is improvement whereby whole industriesare
benefitted, and where hy the result he can exalt industrial
functions, he should in like measure be rewarded in
honour and material emoluments; for the inevitable
outcome of such lofty endeavours will be that .not
only are we supplied with needs of an improved degree
or standard, hut will secure truer foundations of com­mercial
prosperity as their natural consequence. These
typesof masticators,asmanufactnredhytheabove firm and
which are known as the Universal Kneading and Mixing
Machines, can be adapted for almost all descripti'ns of
substances where kneading, mixing, incorporating,
masticating, scarifying, malaxating, pugging and
massing has to be resorted to. The constructions as
seen in Figures i and % are especially suited where
kneading and mixing has to be carried out at artificial
and varying temperatures, or in other words, where the
materials are to be manipulated at will at temperatures
either higher or lower than that of the ordinary
surrounding atmosphere.
Both these types of machines [^are made to order in
any requisite dimensions, and they are so constructed
that both high pressure steam as well as cold water may
be laid on and circulated at will through the casing of
the trough or container, as also through the blades. The
steam may be of a pressure as high as 6o or 70 lbs. to
the square inch, viz., upwards of four atmospheres, while
if required the water may be artificially cooled (iced),
and by this ingenious provision a considerable grading oj
temperature can he ensured. This, coupled with the
intense and intimate mixing qualities of these types oJ
machines enable the mamifacturers to obtain results—on
a large scale and of desired differentiation—hitherto
unattained outside the experimental laboratory.
The type as seen in Fig. i is chiefly used for india-rubber,
gutta-percha, lincrusta, linoleum, etc., although
occasionally it is also employed for other purposes such as
the manufacture of explosives, etc. The type repiesented
in Fig. 2 is fully equipped and fitted for heating by steam
under pressure or cooling by water, both body and
blades, .is alluded to in the above, while the machine is
working or standing still or tilting, two connections only
having to be made, one with the steam inlet and the
o'her with the outlet pipe. There is also a steam trap
for separating the condensed water.
All the above machines for power are fitted with the
firm's own patent reversing gear for convenient driving
(hy belts) in opposite directions and for stopping the
machine. With this gear the operative has the stopping.